Crime

1. Introduce
2. Types of crime
3. Investigation, at the court = trial
4. Type of punishment

 

1. Introduce

• Crime is an action, which is against the law.
• We have many types of crime.
• We have minor crimes and serious crime.

 

1. Types of crime

• • Crimes are divided according to their importance.
  • We have minor crimes and serious crime.

 

• A minor crime is a criminal offense that is less serious than a felony. For example:

 

• Traffic offences – jump the lights.
• Vandalism – it’s a destruction of public or private property.
• Drug dealing – selling of illegal drugs.
• Racism – it’s a discrimination against someone of a different race based on the belief that one race is superior.
• Bully – offending, mocking and intimidating somebody.
• Cyberbuly – the same through the Internet (social sites, mobile).

• If you commit an offense you have to pay a fine.
• Then there are serious crimes, that we can divided on crimes against property and violent crimes.
• Crimes against property:

• Burglary – is illegal entry into a building.
• Theft – stealing something.
• Forgery – is the process of making, adapting, or imitating objects, statistics, or documents. It’s illegal.
• Fraud – it’s a cheat with money.
• Shoplifting – its theft in shops.
• Bribery – act of giving or accepting money for personal purposes.
• Robbery – is the crime of taking or attempting to take something of value by force (they can put the victim).
• Smuggling – illegal transportation of something (drugs).

• Violent crimes:

• Blackmail – type of crime when criminal kidnap someone and want ransom.
• Hijacking – is the taking away of airplane.
• Kidnapping – is the taking away or transporting of people against their will, kidnappers want ransom = money.
• Mugging – a type of street robbery.
• Murder – killing someone.
• Rape – sexual attack.
• Terrorism – the use of violence to intimidate, especially for political purposes.
• Arson – set something on fire (house, car).
• Assassination – killing secretively, especially a politically prominent person.
• Manslaughter – it’s unintentionally killing.

 

1. Investigation, at the court

• When someone commits a serious crime, the police start investigation.
• They search for clues like fingerprints, blood stains, hairs and witnesses.
• They are questioning suspects and when they have enough evidence, they accuse and arrest him.
• They keep the criminal in custody until the trial.
• The trial takes place in a courtroom.
• The criminal who is on trial is called defendant and the second side is prosecution.
• Both sides have lawyers.
• Lawyer of defendant is known as the defence. The defence calls witnesses to give evidence.
• The prosecution tries to prove that the defendant is guilty. They call witnesses who give evidence against him.
• The jury listens to all the evidence and decides whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty.
• They then give their verdict.
• If the defendant is found guilty the judge passes sentence.
• Sentence is official punishment, especially a period of time in prison.

 

1. Types of punishment

• The highest punishment is death penalty (capital punishment), which is not allowed in CR.
• Then we have life sentence – defendant is sentenced to life.
• Imprisonment – defendant is sentenced for example to 2 years of imprisonment.
• Probation – the person doesn’t go to the jail, but he can’t do something even little against the law.
• Community service – the person have to do some work.
• If the defendant is found not guilty, he is acquitted and released.

 

1. Social problems

1. Unemployment
2. Terrorism
3. War
4. Drug abuse
5. Poverty
6. Domestic violence

 

1. Unemployment

• In the Moravian – Silesian region, where I live, it is one of the biggest problems.
• After the closed down industry companies, many people lost their job.
• They had to retrain a try to find another job.
• A lot of people have to leave their homes and go to another city or other countries to get work and earn some money.
• If they can’t find job, they can became homeless – they have no place to live.

 

1. Terrorism

• Its serious problem.
• The general purpose of terrorism is to stimulate some kind of change from government.
• Organizations have specific political goals that they are trying to achieve.
• For example they want change of president, remove the system of government or religious problems.
• Terrorist organizations are infamous for using violence – bombings and killing.
• Al – Qaeda – infamous for their attacks on the World Trade Center in the USA on 11. September 2001.
• IRA – Irish Republican Army, organization striving for the independence of Northern Ireland.

 

1. War

• Nowadays we have many organizations that defend breaking out war conflicts.
• Despite the organizations there are some conflicts like Russia x Ukraine or ISIS.
• I think that main problem is that some states own nuclear weapons (N. Korea, USA).

 

1. Drug abuse

• We can divide drugs into 2 groups:

• Hard drugs (LSD, meth, ecstasies, cannabis, cocaine, heroin).
• Soft drugs (nicotine, alcohol, caffeine).

• Drugs are addictive, people become drug addict.
• They have influence on the central nervous system.
• The main problem of the drugs is that they may cause death.

 

1. Poverty

• Poverty is the worst problem in Africa.

 

1. Domestic violence

• Domestic violence and emotional abuse are behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other.
• Partners may be married or not married; heterosexual, gay, or lesbian; living together, separated or dating.
• Violence can be criminal and includes physical assault (hitting, pushing, shoving, etc.), sexual abuse (unwanted or forced sexual activity), and stalking.
• Although emotional, psychological and financial abuse are not criminal behaviors, they are forms of abuse and can lead to criminal violence.