Crime

- Crimes are divided according to their importance.
- We have minor crimes and serious crime.

A minor crime is a criminal offense that is less serious than a felony. For example:

Traffic offences – jump the lights.
Vandalism – it’s a destruction of public or private property.
Drug dealing – selling of illegal drugs.
Racism – it’s a discrimination against someone of a different race based on the belief that one race is superior.
Bully – offending, mocking and intimidating somebody.
Cyberbuly – the same through the Internet (social sites, mobile).

If you commit an offense you have to pay a fine.
Then there are serious crimes, that we can divided on crimes against property and violent crimes.
Crimes against property:

Burglary – is illegal entry into a building.
Theft – stealing something.
Forgery – is the process of making, adapting, or imitating objects, statistics, or documents. It’s illegal.
Fraud – it’s a cheat with money.
Shoplifting – its theft in shops.
Bribery – act of giving or accepting money for personal purposes.
Robbery – is the crime of taking or attempting to take something of value by force (they can put the victim).
Smuggling – illegal transportation of something (drugs).

Blackmail – type of crime when criminal kidnap someone and want ransom.
Hijacking – is the taking away of airplane.
Kidnapping – is the taking away or transporting of people against their will, kidnappers want ransom = money.
Mugging – a type of street robbery.
Murder – killing someone.
Rape – sexual attack.
Terrorism – the use of violence to intimidate, especially for political purposes.
Arson – set something on fire (house, car).
Assassination – killing secretively, especially a politically prominent person.
Manslaughter – it’s unintentionally killing.

When someone commits a serious crime, the police start investigation.
They search for clues like fingerprints, blood stains, hairs and witnesses.
They are questioning suspects and when they have enough evidence, they accuse and arrest him.
They keep the criminal in custody until the trial.
The trial takes place in a courtroom.
The criminal who is on trial is called defendant and the second side is prosecution.
Both sides have lawyers.
Lawyer of defendant is known as the defence. The defence calls witnesses to give evidence.
The prosecution tries to prove that the defendant is guilty. They call witnesses who give evidence against him.
The jury listens to all the evidence and decides whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty.
They then give their verdict.
If the defendant is found guilty the judge passes sentence.
Sentence is official punishment, especially a period of time in prison.

The highest punishment is death penalty (capital punishment), which is not allowed in CR.
Then we have life sentence – defendant is sentenced to life.
Imprisonment – defendant is sentenced for example to 2 years of imprisonment.
Probation – the person doesn’t go to the jail, but he can’t do something even little against the law.
Community service – the person have to do some work.
If the defendant is found not guilty, he is acquitted and released.

In the Moravian – Silesian region, where I live, it is one of the biggest problems.
After the closed down industry companies, many people lost their job.
They had to retrain a try to find another job.
A lot of people have to leave their homes and go to another city or other countries to get work and earn some money.
If they can’t find job, they can became homeless – they have no place to live.

Its serious problem.
The general purpose of terrorism is to stimulate some kind of change from government.
Organizations have specific political goals that they are trying to achieve.
For example they want change of president, remove the system of government or religious problems.
Terrorist organizations are infamous for using violence – bombings and killing.
Al – Qaeda – infamous for their attacks on the World Trade Center in the USA on 11. September 2001.
IRA – Irish Republican Army, organization striving for the independence of Northern Ireland.

Nowadays we have many organizations that defend breaking out war conflicts.
Despite the organizations there are some conflicts like Russia x Ukraine or ISIS.
I think that main problem is that some states own nuclear weapons (N. Korea, USA).

Domestic violence and emotional abuse are behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other.
Partners may be married or not married; heterosexual, gay, or lesbian; living together, separated or dating.
Violence can be criminal and includes physical assault (hitting, pushing, shoving, etc.), sexual abuse (unwanted or forced sexual activity), and stalking.
Although emotional, psychological and financial abuse are not criminal behaviors, they are forms of abuse and can lead to criminal violence.

Zločin, Sociální problémy